[35][36][37] Denis Christel Sassou-Nguesso, son of Denis Sassou Nguesso, has been named in association with the Panama Papers. Il 10 gennaio 1966 fu fondato il partito Mouvement National de la Révolution (MNR) che, secondo il suo stesso statuto, era il principale organo dello stato. [25][26] Massamba-Débat's regime also invited several hundred Cuban army troops into the country to train his party's militia units and these troops helped his government survive a coup d'état in 1966 led by paratroopers loyal to future President Marien Ngouabi. [9] Health expenditure was at US$30 per capita in 2004. Rimase in carica fino al suo assassinio, avvenuto il 18 marzo 1977. Questi promosse una politica di stampo nettamente marxista-leninista. Under the 1963 constitution, Massamba-Débat was elected President for a five-year term. [15] This Congo Colony became known first as French Congo, then as Middle Congo in 1903. [clarification needed] This law is the first of its kind in Africa, and its adoption is a historic development for indigenous peoples on the continent. Dopo il 1989, in seguito al collasso dell'Unione Sovietica e alla cessazione della guerra fredda, Sassou-Nguesso iniziò una politica di riforme del sistema politico, portando l'ex Congo Francese al multipartitismo; modificò inoltre la sua politica economica ed estera in senso filocapitalistico. Coordinate: 0°45′00″S 15°22′59.99″E / 0.75°S 15.383331°E-0.75; 15.383331. Lo stato si divide in 12 dipartimenti (départements): I 10 dipartimenti veri e propri sono suddivisi in distretti, mentre Brazzaville e Pointe-Noire, comuni equiparati a distretti, sono suddivisi in arrondissement come del resto altri quattro comuni autonomi, ma inseriti nei distretti: Dolisie, Mossendjo, Nkayi e Ouésso[6]. Dal 1969 al 1992 fu denominata Repubblica Popolare del Congo. In rural areas, industrial and commercial activity has declined rapidly in recent years, leaving rural economies dependent on the government for support and subsistence. Il paese spende circa l'1,8 % del PIL per l'istruzione, gli analfabeti sono circa il 14% dei congolesi.[7]. Le texto es disponibile sub le licentia Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike; additional conditiones pote esser in vigor. The Kongo are the largest ethnic group and form roughly half of the population. L'estrazione, in partnership con l'Eni si prevede che e iniziata nel 2012. [20] Antagonism between the Mbochis (who favored Jacques Opangault) and the Laris and Kongos (who favored Fulbert Youlou, the first black mayor elected in French Equatorial Africa) resulted in a series of riots in Brazzaville in February 1959, which the French Army subdued.[21]. La popolazione è suddivisa all'incirca nelle seguenti etnie: congo 52%, teke 19%, m'bochi 15%, punu 4%, sangha 3,7%, maka 2,8%, pigmei 2%, bianchi (francesi) 1,5%. info) French: République du Congo, Kituba: Repubilika ya Kôngo), also known as Congo-Brazzaville, the Congo Republic[7][8] or simply either Congo or the Congo is a country located in the western coast of Central Africa. A sud e a est ha come confini naturali il Congo e un suo affluente, l'Ubangi sulla riva opposta del quale si trova la Repubblica Democratica del Congo, a ovest si affaccia sull'Oceano Atlantico (Golfo di Guinea). Nella Repubblica Democratica del Congo è molto complessa la situazione epidemiologica. Soon thereafter, Sassou declared himself president. I musulmani sono il 2% (principalmente lavoratori stranieri). La sanità non è molto efficiente (0,1 medici ogni mille abitanti) ma è comunque migliore di quella di altri paesi africani. Diario di Viaggio Repubblica del Congo: 6x9 Diario di viaggio I Taccuino con liste di controllo da compilare I Un regalo perfetto per il tuo viaggio in Repubblica del Congo e per ogni viaggiatore: Amazon.de: Pubblicazione, Repubblica del Congo: Fremdsprachige Bücher It was a Marxist–Leninist state from 1969 to 1992, under the name People's Republic of the Congo. The official language is French. Vide Conditiones de uso pro detalios. The Republic of the Congo has a wide variety of natural landscapes, ranging from the savannah plains in the North Niari flooded forests, to the vast Congo River, to rugged mountains and forest of Mayombe, and including 170 km of beaches along the Atlantic coast. Republica del Congo Iste pagina esseva modificate le plus recentemente le 5 april 2013 a 04:01. I contatti con le popolazioni europee ebbero inizio nel XV secolo e riguardarono il commercio di schiavi. [16], The area north of the Congo River came under French sovereignty in 1880 as a result of Pierre de Brazza's treaty with King Makoko[17] of the Bateke. Rather than seeking to make a feature film for distribution, generally filmmakers directly broadcast their productions as videos on the internet. [64], Ethnically and linguistically the population of the Republic of the Congo is diverse—Ethnologue recognises 62 spoken languages in the country[65]—but can be grouped into three categories. [8] Sono inoltre presenti giacimenti di oro e diamanti. [15] Commercial relationships quickly grew between the inland Bantu kingdoms and European merchants who traded various commodities, manufactured goods, and people captured from the hinterlands. The French designated Brazzaville as the federal capital. It has a short coast on the Atlantic Ocean. Departments are divided into communes and districts. From the start of the civil war in 1997, the line was closed for six years. [64] Around 300 American expatriates reside in the Congo. Sassou ha anche vinto le seguenti elezioni presidenziali nel luglio 2009. The government has mortgaged a substantial portion of its petroleum earnings, contributing to a shortage of revenues. [69], Public expenditure health was at 8.9% of the GDP in 2004, whereas private expenditure was at 1.3%. The opposition, who boycotted the referendum, said that the government's statistics were false and the vote was a fake one.[40]. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (, Economic Community of Central African States, Foreign relations of the Republic of the Congo, Human rights in the Republic of the Congo, List of companies based in the Republic of the Congo, Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa, Demographics of the Republic of the Congo, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Index of Republic of the Congo–related articles, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects", https://ambacongofr.org/index.php/le-congo, Historical Dictionary of European Imperialism, "BBC NEWS – Africa – The man who would be Congo's king", CONGO REPUBLIC: BRAZZAVILLE RIOTS AFTERMATH, "Fulbert Youlou facts, information, pictures – Encyclopedia.com articles about Fulbert Youlou", Les voies du politique au Congo: essai de sociologie historique, "17 candidates in Congo presidential race: commission", Vote results expected as opposition alleges fraud, "FACTBOX-African leaders' French assets under scrutiny", "Les Africains du Panama (1) : les circuits offshore des " fils de, Congo Republic president says expects referendum over the third term, "Congo opposition holds ceremony for killed protesters=Reuters", "Violences au Congo : le government accuse les opposants à Sassou-Nguesso", "Pygmies in the Congo treated like "pets": report", "UN expert praises Congo's draft law on indigenous rights", site of the Presidency of the Republic of the Congo, Map: Situation de l'exploitation forestière en République du Congo, "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity - Supplementary Material", "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm", "Kimberley Process Removes the Republic of Congo from the List of Participants", "OHADA.com: The business law portal in Africa", "South Africa's white farmers prepare to trek to the Congo", Congo hands land to South African farmers, "Republic of the Congo GDP and Economic Data", "Les pygmées du Congo en "danger d'extinction, Congo. Nella Repubblica del Congo, circa 20.000 famiglie trarranno beneficio da un progetto destinato a raggiungere 250 villaggi. … As of 2012[update], the HIV/AIDS prevalence was at 2.8% among 15- to 49-year-olds. Überprüfen Sie die Übersetzungen von 'Repubblica Democratica del Congo' ins Deutsch. Translator. [57] The Congolese government signed an agreement in 2009 to lease 200,000 hectares of land to South African farmers to reduce its dependence on imports. Thus began a four-month conflict that destroyed or damaged much of Brazzaville and caused tens of thousands of civilian deaths. The election raised questions and was accompanied by civil unrest and police shootings of protesters;[41] at least 18 people were killed by security forces during opposition rallies leading up to the referendum held in October. [31], Sassou also won the following presidential election in July 2009. For other uses, see, Largest cities or towns in Republic of the Congo. [42] On 30 December 2010, the Congolese parliament adopted a law for the promotion and protection of the rights of indigenous peoples. Many translated example sentences containing "la Republica del Congo" – English-Spanish dictionary and search engine for English translations. Repubblica Popolare del Congo Übersetzung im Glosbe-Wörterbuch Italienisch-Deutsch, Online-Wörterbuch, kostenlos. After centuries as a major hub for transatlantic trade, direct European colonization of the Congo river delta began in the late 19th century, subsequently eroding the power of the Bantu societies in the region. Jump to: navigation, search Language: Italian Republic of the Congo : A country of Central Africa whose capital is Brazzaville. [18] The Brazzaville Conference of 1944 heralded a period of major reform in French colonial policy. Confina a nord con il Camerun e la Repubblica Centrafricana, a est e a sud con la Repubblica Democratica del Congo, a sud per un breve tratto con l'exclave angolana di Cabinda, a sud-ovest si affaccia sul Golfo di Guinea e a ovest confina con il Gabon. [64], According to CIA World Factbook, the people of the Republic of the Congo are largely a mix of Catholics (33.1%), Awakening Lutherans (22.3%) and other Protestants (19.9%). VIDEO weather: REPUBLIC of CONGO, heavy weather wave causes serious damage. The current administration presides over an uneasy internal peace and faces difficult economic problems of stimulating recovery and reducing poverty, despite record-high oil prices since 2003. [14], Sassou Nguesso aligned the country with the Eastern Bloc and signed a twenty-year friendship pact with the Soviet Union. Nel marzo 2015 Sassou ha annunciato di voler candidarsi per un ulteriore mandato e con un referendum costituzionale in ottobre una modifica della costituzione gli ha permesso di correre durante le elezioni presidenziali del 2016, vincendo le elezioni, ritenute da molti fraudolente. Meteo VIDEO: REPUBBLICA del CONGO, forte ondata di maltempo provoca gravi danni. [68], Before the 1997 war, about 9,000 Europeans and other non-Africans lived in Congo, most of whom were French; only a fraction of this number remains. Al contrario alla nascita di un bambino si resta quasi del tutto indifferenti. One French investigation found over 110 bank accounts and dozens of lavish properties in France; Sassou denounced embezzlement investigations as "racist" and "colonial". Non ci sono stagioni (piogge-secca) precise in nessuna zona del paese; solo ai confini Sud vi è un buon periodo più stabilmente soleggiato ma mai completamente affidabile; in genere nella Repubblica del Congo e in tutti i Paesi equatoriali giornate soleggiate e piovose si alternano ma spesso presentano entrambe le caratteristiche. The country's rail system was built by forced laborers during the 1930s and largely remains in operation. In base alla nuova Costituzione del 2002, il presidente ha poteri praticamente illimitati e si avvale di una serie di istituzioni: il Parlamento (bicamerale: il Senato, 66 membri esimi non elettivi; l'Assemblea, 153 membri eletti nei partiti riconosciuti o sulla base di candidature individuali); la Commissione nazionale per i diritti umani, che prevede un'impostazione etica del governo sulla base del diritto francese e delle consuetudini locali; il Consiglio superiore per la libertà d'informazione, che controlla lo sviluppo del giornalismo; e i consigli tecnici specifici riguardanti altri settori. Forests are under increasing exploitation pressure. [32] According to the Congolese Observatory of Human Rights, a non-governmental organization, the election was marked by "very low" turnout and "fraud and irregularities". Nel 2016 è stata ripristinata la carica di Primo ministro, che era stata abolita nel 2009. [38], On 27 March 2015, Sassou Nguesso announced that his government would hold a referendum on changing the country's 2002 constitution to allow him to run for a third consecutive term in office. Sfoglia parole milioni e frasi in tutte le lingue. La Repubblica del Congo è uno Stato dell'Africa centrale e un'ex-colonia francese. [24] On the night between February 14 and 15, 1965, three prominent public officials in the Republic of the Congo were kidnapped; Lazare Matsocota (prosecutor of the Republic), Joseph Pouabou (president of the Supreme Court) and Massouémé Anselme (director of the Congolese Information Agency). Nevertheless, Massamba-Débat was unable to reconcile various institutional, tribal and ideological factions within the country[24] and his regime ended abruptly with a bloodless coup in September 1968. [70] The country also has a large port on the Atlantic Ocean at Pointe-Noire and others along the Congo River at Brazzaville and Impfondo. Gran parte del paese fa parte del bacino idrografico del Congo a eccezione dell’area costiera che appartiene al bacino del Kouilou e che è separata dal bacino del Congo dai rilievi della zona Cabinda. [58][59], The GDP of the Republic of the Congo grew by 6% in 2014 and is expected to have grown by 7.5% in 2015. Among the best known are Vili nail fetishes, Beembe statuettes that are full of expression; the masks of the Punu and Kwele, Kota reliquaries, Teke fetishes, and cemeteries with monumental tombs are examples of this variety. Millionen Wörter und Sätze in allen Sprachen. [24] In 1965, Congo established relations with the Soviet Union, the People's Republic of China, North Korea and North Vietnam. Congo . Nel 1979, dopo un torbido periodo, il potere al vertice del partito unico, il Partito Congolese del Lavoro, (PCT) e dello stato fu assunto dal Generale Denis Sassou Nguesso. Esistono, poi, due tipi di matrimonio: uno con cerimonia e sposa in abito bianco, del tutto simile a quelli celebrati nel mondo occidentale; l'altro, che non ha nessun valore legale, è il matrimonio di famiglia, paragonabile a quello che nel mondo occidentale si definirebbe un fidanzamento ufficiale, ma con la differenza che dopo la cerimonia i due possono vivere insieme come marito e moglie. La repubblica del Congo è una repubblica presidenziale; l'attuale presidente è il generale Denis Sassou Nguesso, al potere dal 1979 salvo il periodo 1992-97. Transport in the Republic of the Congo includes land, air and water transportation. Il Congo è uno degli stati più urbanizzati del continente africano: circa l'85% della popolazione si concentra infatti in poche aree urbane (Brazzaville, Pointe-Noire, e i piccoli villaggi situati sulla ferrovia Chemin de fer Congo-Océan che collega le due città). Nel bacino nord-occidentale del fiume Congo si trova uno dei tre parchi nazionali che formano il Sangha Trinational, sito che fa parte del patrimonio dell'UNESCO. [13], Bantu-speaking peoples who founded tribes during the Bantu expansions largely displaced and absorbed the earliest inhabitants of the region, the Pygmy people, about 1500 BC. Sanzioni Rep. Dem. Artists have struggled to build a film industry. Many Pygmies belong from birth to Bantus in a relationship many refer to as slavery. Nell'agosto del 1963 fu deposto e dopo un breve periodo di governo militare divenne presidente Alphonse Massemba-Débat. [23] The Congolese military briefly took charge of the country, and installed a civilian provisional government headed by Alphonse Massamba-Débat. La Repubblica del Congo è una repubblica presidenziale, con forte caratterizzazione in senso autoritario. International observers took issue with the organization of the presidential election and the constitutional referendum, both of which were reminiscent in their organization of Congo's era of the one-party state. [28], Congo's democratic progress was derailed in 1997, when Lissouba and Sassou started to fight for power in the civil war. La lingua ufficiale è il francese. The Republic of the Congo, also known as Congo-Brazzaville, the Congo Republic or simply either Congo or the Congo is a country located in the western coast of Central Africa. Congolese singers have become known internationally: the Franco-Congolese rapper Passi's work is broadcast in France, and he has released several hit albums, such as Temptations, with the famous song "I zap and I mate." [70] A large proportion of the population is undernourished,[70] with malnutrition being a problem in Congo-Brazzaville. Congo benefited from the postwar expansion of colonial administrative and infrastructure spending as a result of its central geographic location within AEF and the federal capital at Brazzaville. Public expenditure of the GDP was less in 2002–05 than in 1991. Le acque giungono al Congo tramite diversi fiumi che attraversano il paese come il Sangha, il Likouala e l’Alima. Overview: This page contains the latest international trade data for Republic of the Congo, including service trade data, and tariffs.In 2018 Republic of the Congo was the number 139 economy in the world in terms of GDP (current US$), the number 87 in total exports, the number 151 in total imports, and the number 112 most complex economy according to the Economic Complexity Index (ECI). The economy is a mixture of village agriculture and handicrafts, an industrial sector based largely on petroleum,[51] support services, and a government characterized by budget problems and overstaffing. The reform program came to a halt in June 1997 when civil war erupted. Nel dicembre 2017 è stato firmato un accordo di cessate il fuoco. Ciò ha portato a una ripresa dei combattimenti contro l'esercito nell'aprile 2016, portando 80.000 persone a fuggire dalle loro case. Il tutto si svolge in un clima di euforia e dolore allo stesso tempo. [12], Other names are sometimes known to as the French Congo, Middle Congo and Congo (Brazzaville) with the latter inclusion of the country's capital to distinguish it from Congo (Léopoldville) or (Kinshasa) to its south. A livello locale sono diffuse una miriade di lingue bantu tra cui il kikongo e il lingala. Intorno al 1883 la regione entrò a far parte della sfera di influenza francese; l'area era contesa tra l'esploratore italofrancese Pietro Savorgnan di Brazzà e gli emissari del sovrano belga che mirava al controllo del bacino del Congo. Su vicinos es Gabon, Camerun, le Republica Centroafrican e le Republica Democratic del Congo, ab le qual illo es separate per le fluvio Congo .